SOAP MAKING
As I have previously stated, I do not like using chemicals in my products. I am frequently asked if I use lye (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) in my soaps. The short answer is that soap must be made using lye. You can use a melt and pour soap base in which the saponification process has been done for you in a factory somewhere. I have used these products and they work fine, I just prefer to have more flexibility in what I am using in my soaps.
Most soaps, shampoos, body washes and dish soap that you have used are made of chemicals to produce a detergent and this is what most of us are used to. If the label doesn’t say soap somewhere, it is probably a detergent. Even those “Beauty Bars” are most likely a detergent if the word soap isn’t included somewhere on the product label.
The chemical process of saponification is made by adding lye to oils at very specific rates and temperatures. Thank heavens there are soap calculating apps I can use so that I don’t have to do the math myself. When lye and oils are cooked together the lye will break apart the oil’s molecules and bond with them, creating a new compound – SOAP! This is the process of saponification. No other substances can be used in place of lye in the saponification process. I use food grade lye when making my soaps as that seems like an extra precaution worth the cost. Lye is extremely caustic so I protect myself with appropriate clothing, eye protection and rubber gloves. I think I like playing the part of a scientist when making my soaps.
I pour my soap batter into individual molds or loaf molds and then they process for up to 48 hours. Most of the lye has been used up by making the soap batter. After sitting for 2 days to firm in the molds, the remaining lye is used up. I then remove the soap from the molds, cut the bars and let them cure for 4-6 weeks. This process ensures that there is no remaining lye and creates a harder bar of soap that will last longer for you. I check the ph of my bars as the last step prior to packaging.
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